AFFECTS OF POLLUTED WATER

Water is the precious source. In fact, the amount of water covers 97 per cent of the Earth’ surface, but there is only 3 per cent that uses for life and production. Acording to LHQ, lacking of clean water has been happening all over the world. In some developing countries, it is about 75 per cent of urban inhabitants using clean water. In the rural area, in the other hand, this rate makes up 25 per cent. What do the numbers mean? They indicate that source of water has been being polluted seriously, which causes the epidemic disease, affects humanbeing’s life and threatens the diversity of the organisms in water.

Humanbeing can get disease easily because of using polluted water. In 2010, WHO summaried that it is about 270 milion people catching the paludism and nearly 100 million ones getting the disease of filaria. The reason are the spread of the parasite through eating and drink. Moreover, water with the high lead and mercury content causes many serious disease such as skin cancer, mutation. Especially if we use water containing Asen, which is a kind of toxin, causes lung cancer or blood disorder and leaves clinical symptom like as black fang. Furthermore, waste matter is also the pathogen, especially waste water is released from isolation hospital. This category spreads the pathogenous bacterium quickly and we get contagion through the line of digestion. Some common disease which we often get are diarrhoea, cholera and dysentery.

Lacking of clean water causes the disorder of the life. In cities, most of households use tap- water, so they have to accept to live with polluted water, especially in the dry season. Nowadays, instead of sleeping well in the morning, they have to get up early to buy clean water with expensive price. It fluctuates from 100,000 to 120,000 thousand dong per one stere. They lost a lot of time to worry about the fee, so they can not pay attention to their work. It is not easy to arrange time and manage the life with their little salary.

Pollution of water not only affects the health but also threatens the creatures in water. The waste water from factories and hospital make the quality of water supply be decreased. The organisms in water do not have “ safe house”, even dying continuously. For example, Giua Nho canal in Ca Mau province, from 18^th to 21^st Octocber,2010, a strange phonomenon occured. Shrimps and fishes died consecutively. The dead of fishes drifted along the canal, which makes water become black and have the reek while thousands of households also take water here to raise fishes, shrimps. Beside, the organic substance at the bottom of lake is disintegrated, which causes shortage of oxygen, reduces the content of PH and increases the concentration of acid radical; therefore, colour of water changes into black. It is very hard for the organisms to exist in polluted water.

In conclution, pollution of water is an insolvable problem all over the world. It affects all aspects, especially the health and the life of mankind, the existence of the creatures in water. Beside hunanbeing’s awareness, the government need to concern more and give the suitable sollution to limit this phenomenon.

THE FESTIVAL OF PRAYING FOR RAIN

When reminding Binh Thuan province, people often look back on Mui Ne in Phan Thiet city. Like other provinces, there are a lot of characteristic festivals such as Dinh Thay Thim, Nghinh Ong. One of valuable ones is Cham’s festival of praying for rain. It is held every five years at the begining of January and lasts during two days. The festival is divided into three steps that are preparing, celebrating and ending.

Before the festival, villagers prepare carefully. The frist thing is to ask the priest, thay Xe, thay Co Ke, who play the important role in ceremony for the suitable day to celebrate. Next, cleaning the yard of village and preparing something neccessary for the festival such as food, drink. Moreover, it is essential to choose people who dance or carry the Palongk’ Sach’s palankeen. To increase more solemnity, temple plags are pitched from Palongk’ Sach temple to village.

There are many activities during the ceremony. It starts at 4:00 p.m. Everyone has presence. In front of palankeen, the magician disposes a tray with special food of Cham such as banh tet, banh gung, canh ca and so on. When thay Xe reads the incantation, Cham’s women, who wear the traditional clothes, clasp hands and make a kownow. In the evening, villagers make the incense- offering ceremony with keen sincerity. In the following morning,everyone gets up early, especially beautiful women in dancing team. The sound of Paranung drum beat and Saranai horn resound, which signs Palongk’ Sach return the temple. Behind twelve young men standing in two lines, there are four other men who carry the palankeen. Dancing team and villagers follow them. The drum beat is more repeated. When the palanquin is set in front of temple, Thay Xe checks the sacrifice including 12 eggs in big bowl, 30 ones in 6 smaller bowl and incence. Before carring the palankeen into the temple, all women kowtow and wish “ Quoc thai dan an, mua thuan gio hoa, dong ruong tot tuoi”. Then, all men also do the same that.

At the end of the festival, villagers hold party. At that time, everyone gathers to eat and drink.Next, some young men put the dry woods together, and the firewood bursts into flames. After that, the beautiful women perform Cham’s traditional dances aroud it while the young men blow on the horn and children run and scream, which makes the atmosphere become more aminated. Villagers give the best wishes in New Year. The festival ends after the declaration of villager patriarch. All of them rerurn their home and take a rest.

In conclution, to have a successful ceremony, the festival must follow the fixed order; Cham often hold it with the cautious preparation, the solemn celebration and the joyful end. Cham’s festival of praying for rain has great moral value, so it is very meaningful to conserve and uphold.

KIND OF MY FRIENDS

KIND OF MY FRIENDS
There are many important things in each person’s life. Depending on a lot of elements such as character, ambition or demand, these things can be family, friends, money, work or love. For me, beside family, friendship is the essential feeling, even it controls my life. As a student of university, I began the independent life without my family. Thanks to my friends, they saved me from the solitude and the darkness of sorrowfulness. In fact, everyone has many friends and depending on the feeling which we give them, we can divide friends into three categories that are close friend, slight close friend and social friends.
The luckiest thing which God give to each person is a close friend. An intimate friend can be formed between two people who have the same or different sex or age; however, it is not easy to have a true close friendship. In the life, our close friend is like another member of our family, even he understand us more than our parents. Having many ways to express and improve our friendship; nonetheless, it has common expression. For example, there is a couple of close friend learning in the same class. They often meet, talk, smile, play each other but not bored. They are ready to share everything, including secret. They love their close friends more than themselves; they are willing to sacrifice themselves to help friends. Being an intimate friend, their feeling will be never changed although they have not met each other for a long time. To be honest, we can not show all expression of the true close friendship because it never finishes.
Another kind of friend is the slight close friends. They can be classmate, colleague, drinking companion, etc. Because of having common things, they feel comfortable to talk about the same thing. For example, with students, they can discuss a subject or exchange views on the club which they join together. To colleague, when they meet each other, they always to talk about their job, project, the boss or salary. Actually, those relationships can not stop immediately if they finish their work. On the other hand, it is easy to become the fairly good friends if they know how to improve it. Our circle of slight close friend has been widening because of our diverse life.
We have a lot of social friends. They are friends in society, but they are not true friends. Like other people, I also have many social friends; I know them through my classmates, my roommates or my brother. Whenever I see them, I just greet them by smiling or asking a simple question like as “Where are you going? Or are you going to school?” .What is an insipid conversation! So, to make these relationships closer, we need to spend more time to improve and discover their interest.
In conclusion, it is very meaningful for us to have many friends. In fact, having a close friend is difficult; however, we can be easy to make relationship with slight close friends and social friends. Friendship is often formed from the feeling, so it can last or finish anytime. Thus, we need to respect the friendship which we have and spend more time to make our relationship better and better.